The old regime

ESTATE: a major political or social group or class, esp. one once having specific political powers; privileged estates ;(first and second estate ). And the third estate. It was a very unequal society.

FIRST ESTATECLERGY: the group of ordained leaders in a the catholic religion. For example : Pope, bishop, archbishop, priest, only 1% of population, but own 10 % of the land, pay few taxes. ( Secular clergy)Regular clergy; they belong to a religious order, which their own rules, they live apart from society). Monk, nun, abbot, abbess.

THE ESTATES OF REALM

FRIARS:

ABBESS

Nobility: a socially or politically privileged class whose titles are conferred by descent or by royal decree .(in the British Isles) the class of people holding the titles of :The most important title is the duke (duchess): the ruler of a small state( duchy). The second important title is the marquis (marquise); The earls, countness: British nobleman of a rank that is below a marquis and above a viscount/vai Kaunt/ (viscountness): is below an earl.And the barons: a member of the lowest grade of nobility.

SECOND ESTATE

Title: an established right to something, as to (possessing) land or property

THIRD ESTATE

(The)Bourgeoisie:

*Composed of rich merchants,businessmen,bankers, lawyersmoneylenders,doctors. Petite bourgeoisie*crasftsmen *artisans, merchants.

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The peasants

* a member of a class of low social status that depends on either cottage industry or agricultural labour as a means of subsistence.They were xtremely poor, the lived on the breadline.

QUIZLET

There was little population growth during the Old Regim: * High birth rate: Natality; People used to have many children because : -There was no birth control technology then. -Women were forced to have babies. -Religion taught that it was people’s duty to have many children. -They needed children to work on the farm and to support them in their old age. -They expected many of their children to die in infancy or childhood.

DEMOGRAPHY

Mortalitity

The deaths rates were so high because of:-poor diet- backwardness of medicine-lack of hygienePopulation growth could even be negative at times of catastrophic mortality caused by: ( the three Apocalypse horsemen)* Hunger*Wars* Epidemics like plague

They used outdated techniques and tools

People farmed to meet their own needs

It wasn´t commercial

Traditional agriculture

With very low productivity

Agriculture of subsistence

Fallow:o(f land) plowed and left unseeded for a season or more; uncultivated.

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Answer these questions:1. What is a guild?2. When did they appear?3.What are they going to do?4.Describe the bakers guild example; What do they set ?5. Can you work as a baker without being a member of the guild?6. What other support do they offer to the members of the guild?7. Can you guess what is an apprendice; a master; a journeyman, wages, a masterpiece

ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

Quizlet

The monarch had all the power:* Executive power:a person or group having administrative or supervisory authority in an organization or government.*Legislative power: having the function of making laws.* Judicial power: relating to judgment in courts of justice or to the administration of justice;

MERCANTILISM