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blogdeserena.blog

BY Serena

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Reported speech

?????????

If your friend says 'Can you get me a Drink?'

What your friend said is what we call direct speech (YOU CAN SEE THE EXACT WORDS) BUT....

If you meet somebody on the way to get a drink and you tell HIM/HER THAT... YOU ARE TRANSMITTING WHAT THE OTHER PERSON SAID. tHIS IS REPORTED SPEECH

'mY FRIEND asked me to get him a drink'.

Reported speech

how to do it

1ST contents

reported speech

A. tenses

b. pronouns/NOUNS/ADJECTIVES

d. determiners & Adverbs

c. modal verbs

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content

tenses

Tenses usually leap back in time

Example

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

pRESENT TENSE

'I WANT A DRINK'

tOM SAID THAT HE WANTED A DRINK

SIMPLE PAST

Example

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

Simple past

'I WANTED A DRINK'

tOM SAID THAT HE HAD WANTED A DRINK

PAST PERFECT

BUT!

SOMETIMES TENSES DON'T CHANGE

wHEN A STATEMENT IS STILL TRUE

WHEN THE REPORTED SPEECH HAPPENS VERY SOON AFTER THE ORIGINAL SPEECH

EXAMPLE

SOMETIMES TENSES DON'T CHANGE

wHEN A STATEMENT IS STILL TRUE

'my favourite colour is blue' Her favourite colour is blue (it is still true

EXAMPLE

SOMETIMES TENSES DON'T CHANGE

WHEN THE REPORTED SPEECH HAPPENS VERY SOON AFTER THE ORIGINAL SPEECH 'i'M THIRSTY - HE SAID HE'S THIRSTY

pronouns/nouns/adjectives

Examples

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

i

'i'M DRIVING RIGHT NOW'

sHE SAID THAT SHE WAS DRIVING AT THAT MOMENT

she

i'VE STARTED WRITING MY NEW NOVEL

hE SAID HE HAD STARTED WRITING HIS NEW NOVEL

CONTENTS

MODAL VERBS

MODALS

WILL

would

CAN

COULD

MAY

MIGHT

Example

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

WILL

'i'LL HAVE A COFFEE'

sHE SAID THAT SHE WOULD HAVE A COFFEE

WOULD

DETERMINERS & adverbs ALSO CHANGE

content

DETERMINERS/adv

DETS/ADV

THIS

THAT

THESE

THOSE

OUR

THEIR

HERE

THERE

contents

MARY SAYS ' MY MOTHER IS A NURSE'

mARY SAID THAT HER MOTHER WAS A NURSE .

SPOT THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THESE TWO SENTENCES

CONGRATS YOU'VE HAVE JUST GOT THROUGH THE FIRST PART

QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTING SPEECH

REPORTING QUESTIONS

Reported questions are usually introduced with:ask - inquire -wonder- want to know

EXAMPLE

REPORTED QUESTION

Which actors do you enjoy working with?

They wanted to know which actors I enjoyed working with

DIRECT QUESTION

wh-word questions

REPORTING QUESTIONS

If the direct question begins with a question word, the reported question is introduced with the same word.

EXAMPLE

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.

REPORTED QUESTION

SHE WANTED TO KNOW WHERE I LIVED

wHERE DO YOU LIVE?

DIRECT QUESTION

Questions with auxiliaries

EXAMPLE

iS THERE A BANK NEAR HERE?

hE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER THERE WAS A BANK NEAR THERE.

?

tHE SAME HAPPENS WITH MODAL VERBS: CAN, MAY, ETC

DIRECT: cAN YOU GO TO THE SHOPS? REPORTED: hE ASKED ME IF i COULD GO TO THE SHOPS .

REPORTING ORDERS

SECTION

oRDER + somebody +(not) to-infinitive

tell + somebody + (not) to-infinitive

Other verbs: warned, advised...

confusing verbs

say + no personal object

say +to+ personal object

tell + personal object

blogdeserena.blog

BY Serena